Grass Jelly (Chao Kuai)

AI Gourmet Analysis

Overview of Grass Jelly (Chao Kuai)

Grass jelly (Xiancao Jelly or Chao Kuai, English: Grass Jelly) is a traditional dessert widely enjoyed in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It originated in southern China, especially in provinces such as Fujian and Guangdong, and later spread to Taiwan, Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, and across the Southeast Asian region, developing unique local variations in each area.

Preparation and Ingredients

Grass jelly is made by boiling and extracting the stems and leaves of "xiancao" (scientific name: Mesona chinensis), a perennial herb in the mint family. The resulting liquid is strained and mixed with starch (usually tapioca or cassava starch), then chilled to solidify. The finished jelly is soft with a characteristic herbal aroma and slight bitterness. It appears black to deep brown and has a smooth, agar-like translucency.

In Thailand, it is known as "chao kuai" (เฉาก๊วย, chao kuai), and is commonly available from street stalls, markets, and eateries. It is widely loved as a refreshing dessert to cool down in the hot climate and is typically served cut into cubes or strips, often accompanied by crushed ice, coconut milk, condensed milk, or brown sugar syrup. In addition, in Thailand, it is often used as a topping for drinks and desserts such as milk tea, soy milk, and shaved ice, showcasing its versatility.

History and Cultural Background

Grass jelly has a history spanning several centuries, and in southern China, it has been regarded as a health food since the Qing dynasty, especially for its "qingliang-jianghuo" effects (cooling and releasing internal heat or inflammation). In Taiwan, forms such as “xiancao jelly” and “hot xiancao” are enjoyed both hot and cold, and the versatile jelly is widely used in shaved ice, milk tea, and other sweets.

In Thailand, this dessert was introduced by Chinese immigrants and has become an established part of local food culture. At places like Amphawa Floating Market, it is popular among both tourists and locals as a convenient cold treat, and it has become a representative item in Thailand's street food scene.

Health Benefits and Modern Uses

Grass jelly contains polyphenols and flavonoids, and is traditionally credited with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as aiding digestion and acting as a diuretic. Due to its relatively low fat and calorie content, it has recently been reappraised as a summer diet food.

In recent years, canned or pouch-packed versions have become available in supermarkets and convenience stores. There are also new fusion desserts combining grass jelly with fruits, douhua (tofu pudding), matcha, brown sugar, and other ingredients—demonstrating its continued global evolution as a dessert.

Comparison with Related Traditional Desserts

Grass jelly is a healthy traditional dessert symbolizing the exchange of food cultures in East and Southeast Asia. Visiting local markets and street stalls offers a unique opportunity to experience the blend of local history and cuisine.